Enhanced networking

Enhanced networking is the AWS implementation of SR-IOV, a standard allowing a physical host network card to present many logical devices which can be directly utilized by instances.

This means lower host CPU usage, better throughput, lower and consistent latency

EBS optimisation on instances means dedicated bandwidth for storage networking - separate from data networking.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/enhanced-networking.html